Footing Layout
Back to Decks
STEP TWO: FOOTINGS
There are two ways to support you deck ( see figure
1 and 2 ). Figure one shows posts on the corners which is typical for landings or small
decks. Figure two shows a cantilevered beam system, a much easier way when laying out for
your footings. Both techniques work equally well, although I like the look of the beam
system on the finished product. An alternate method of the beam system is to notch out a 4
x 6 on the narrow edge ( 3 1/2" side ) 3" deep and sit the beam in the notch.
First
we need to create the box of the deck. Start by using a ball of string and
attaching one end either to the house or foundation ( at the point that you want your deck
to start ). Pull the string away from the house to the depth you want your deck and mark
the string with a marker. Now tie a stake to the string at that point. Using
the 3,4,5, method to make the box perfectly square, insert the stake in the ground so
it is absolutely perpendicular the house.
Measure across from the original attachment point of the string and mark the width of your
deck. Attach another piece of string and do the same as you did for the first piece. If
you measure along the house and say get 12', then the two pieces of string at the outside
should also be 12'.
Tie a third piece of string at the point you marked on the other two. You now have the box
to your deck laid out in string, this will make it much easier to latout the footings.. If
you are considering any size changes, now is the time to do it.
Now you have to decide on the support method in order to
determine the location of the footings. Check out supports
to familarize yourself then come back.
If you are using the post method, measure in 5" from each inside
corner. That is the center point of the footing. If your deck is going to be wider than
8', then you will need additional footings. Use a string between your corner footings and
mark for any additional footings. Maximum span is usually 8' or less depending on your
frame lumber. If you have 14', add one to the center. If you have 18' you should go 6' on
center ( 4 footings) Note: If using the post method and your deck is fairly high
off the ground. You can use temporary supports for the frame and then use a plumb bob to
precisely locate the footings
If you are using the beam system, measure in 1' from the sides and 1'
from the outside line. Use the same spacing principles as the post system ( use the
distance between the outside footings as the span, not the width of the deck ).
Now to actually install the footings. Go to FOOTINGS then use
your back button to return.
